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Information warfare (IW) is primarily a United States military concept involving the use and management of information and communication technology in pursuit of a competitive advantage over an opponent. Information warfare may involve collection of tactical information, assurance(s) that one's own information is valid, spreading of propaganda or disinformation to demoralize or manipulate〔http://www.mastermind-technology.com/Sources/InfoWarfare.pdf〕 the enemy and the public, undermining the quality of opposing force information and denial of information-collection opportunities to opposing forces. Information warfare is closely linked to psychological warfare. The United States military focus tends to favor technology, and hence tends to extend into the realms of electronic warfare, cyberwarfare, information assurance and computer network operations, attack and defense. Most of the rest of the world use the much broader term of "Information Operations" which, although making use of technology, focuses on the more human-related aspects of information use, including (amongst many others) social network analysis, decision analysis and the human aspects of command and control. ==Overview== Information warfare can take many forms: * Television and radio transmission(s) can be jammed. * Television and radio transmission(s) can be hijacked for a disinformation campaign. * Logistics networks can be disabled. * Enemy communications networks can be disabled or spoofed. * Stock exchange transactions can be sabotaged, either with electronic intervention, by leaking sensitive information or by placing disinformation. * The use of drones and other surveillance robots * Communication management The U.S. Air Force has had Information Warfare Squadrons since the 1980s. In fact, the official mission of the U.S. Air Force is now "To fly, fight and win...in air, space and cyberspace,"〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=About the Air Force: Our Mission - airforce.com )〕 with the latter referring to its information warfare role. As the U.S. Air Force often risks aircraft and aircrews to attack strategic enemy communications targets, remotely disabling such targets using software and other means can provide a safer alternative. In addition, disabling such networks electronically (instead of explosively) also allows them to be quickly re-enabled after the enemy territory is occupied. Similarly, counter-information warfare units are employed to deny such capability to the enemy. The first application of these techniques was used against Iraqi communications networks in the Gulf War. Also during the Gulf War, Dutch hackers allegedly stole information about U.S. troop movements from U.S. Defense Department computers and tried to sell it to the Iraqis, who thought it was a hoax and turned it down. In January 1999, U.S. Air Intelligence computers were hit by a co-ordinated attack (Moonlight Maze), part of which came from a Russian mainframe. This could not be confirmed as a Russian cyber attack due to non-attribution - the principle that online identity may not serve as proof of real world identity.〔http://news.zdnet.com/2100-9595_22-513930.html〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Warnings? - Cyber War! - FRONTLINE - PBS )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「information warfare」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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